Mindset - Updated Edition: Changing The Way You think To

❴PDF❵ ✅ Mindset - Updated Edition: Changing The Way You think To Fulfil Your Potential Author Carol Dweck – Comics-books.co Chapter THE MINDSETS As a young researcher just starting out something happened that changed my life I was obsessed with understanding how people cope with failures and I decided to study it by watchiChapter THE MINDSETS As a young researcher just starting out something happened that changed my life I was obsessed with understanding how people cope with failures and I decided to study it by watching how students grapple with hard problems So I brought children one at a time to a room in their school made them comfortable and then gave them a series of puzzles to solve The first ones were fairly easy but the next ones were hard As the students grunted perspired and toiled I watched their strategies and probed what they were thinking and feeling I expected differences among children in how they coped with the difficulty but I saw something I never expected Confronted with the hard puzzles one ten year old boy pulled up his chair rubbed his hands together smacked his lips and cried out I love a challenge Another sweating away on these puzzles looked up with a pleased expression and said with authority You know I was hoping this would be informative Whats wrong with them I wondered I always thought you coped with failure or you didnt cope with failure I never thought anyone loved failure Were these alien children or were they on to something Everyone has a role model someone who pointed the way at a critical moment in their lives These children were my role models They obviously knew something I didnt and I was determined to figure it outto understand the kind of mindset that could turn a failure into a gift What did they know They knew that human ualities such as intellectual skills could be cultivated through effort And thats what they were doinggetting smarter Not only werent they discouraged by failure they didnt even think they were failing They thought they were learning I on the other hand thought human ualities were carved in stone You were smart or you werent and failure meant you werent It was that simple If you could arrange successes and avoid failures at all costs you could stay smart Struggles mistakes perseverance were just not part of this picture Whether human ualities are things that can be cultivated or things that are carved in stone is an old issue What these beliefs mean for you is a new one What are the conseuences of thinking that your intelligence or personality is something you can develop as opposed to something that is a fixed deep seated trait Lets first look in on the age old fiercely waged debate about human nature and then return to the uestion of what these beliefs mean for you WHY DO PEOPLE DIFFER Since the dawn of time people have thought differently acted differently and fared differently from each other It was guaranteed that someone would ask the uestion of why people differedwhy some people are smarter ormoraland whether there was something that made them permanently different Experts lined up on both sides Some claimed that there was a strong physical basis for these differences making them unavoidable and unalterable Through the ages these alleged physical differences have included bumps on the skull phrenology the size and shape of the skull craniology and today genes Others pointed to the strong differences in peoples backgrounds experiences training or ways of learning It may surprise you to know that a big champion of this view was Alfred Binet the inventor of the I test Wasnt the I test meant to summarize childrens unchangeable intelligence In fact no Binet a Frenchman working in Paris in the early twentieth century designed this test to identify children who were not profiting from the Paris public schools so that new educational programs could be designed to get them back on track Without denying individual differences in childrens intellects he believed that education and practice could bring about fundamental changes in intelligence Here is a uote from one of his major books Modern Ideas About Children in which he summarizes his work with hundreds of children with learning difficulties A few modern philosophersassert that an individuals intelligence is a fixed uantity a uantity which cannot be increased We must protest and react against this brutal pessimism With practice training and above all method we manage to increase our attention our memory our judgment and literally to becomeintelligent than we were before Whos right Today most experts agree that its not eitheror Its not nature or nurture genes or environment From conception on theres a constant give and take between the two In fact as Gilbert Gottlieb an eminent neuroscientist put it not only do genes and environment cooperate as we develop but genes reuire input from the environment to work properly At the same time scientists are learning that people havecapacity for lifelong learning and brain development than they ever thought Of course each person has a uniue genetic endowment People may start with different temperaments and dif.